Cooling of internal combustion engines for vehicles



O. SIMMEN Oct. 27, 1931.

COOLING OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES FOR VEHICLES Filed July 8, 1930 INVENTU miw ATTD RN EM Patented Oct. 27, 1931 N D STATES PATENT 0mg osczi'nfsrmn, or- ERLAGH, SWITZERLAND, AssIGNoR To rnuvr 'SULZER rnnnns I socrn'rn or wm'rnnr'nnn, SWITZERLAND COODING 'OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES FOR VEHICLES Application filed J'uly 8, 1930, Seria1-No. 466,493, and in Germany .Tu1y 8 1929.

' :This invention relates to-the cooling o'finternalcombustion engines for vehicles of the kind in which the cooling medium is circulated by one or more electrically driven -;pumps, the current forthe pump motor being supplied either by a generator driven by the main engine or by its exciting machine. "Theiobject of the invention is to provide an arrangement particularly suitable torrail vehiclesso as to ensure the proper circulation .andcooling of the water or other cooling mediumreven when thepower-generating unit isnot working,-as for example when the vehicle is stationary or is descending an incline. r 7 According to this invention an electric .storage battery is included in the circuit of vthe circulating pump motor which enables the cooling medium to be circulated and con- '-sequently re-cooled even when the powergenerating unit is not working.

In addition to the pump above described a further pump, which is dependent upon the I working of' 'the engine, may be provided and the-cooling system ofthe internal combustion engine canif desired be disconnected from .the radiators or heat exchange devices by the provision of suitable valves and cooks.

Two arrangements of cooling installation according to this invention are diagrammati- 'callyillustrated by way-ofexample in the ac companying drawings as applied to a rail vehicle. a

The locomotive 1 illustrated is driven by means of asix-cylinder internal combustion *engine 2 coupled to an electric generator 3 from whichthe current issupplied in the well known way (not shown) to the driving wheels ot-thelocomotive. Instead of a single engine several separate engines may, of

:ac course, be employed. In addition to the power-generating unit 2,3, there is provided further source of power 'in the'form of a battery 4 which is included in the electric JcircuitiQS between the generator 3 or its exmachine %6 and the pump 5 by which the cooling "water is circulated. A charging relay 24 is provided between the generator and the battery so that when the main enpipe 15 both to the flow and return pipes'lfi and '7 respectively of the cylinder water jackets 8. The direction in which the cooling medium circulates-can be reversed by means of three-way cocks 17, 18 or by other appropriate means, the tank 10 being provided with an air vent 19.

In the construction shown in Figure 2 in addition to the pump 5 which can beworked independentlyotthe power-generating plant by means of its battery, there is provided a further pump 20-directly supplied with current from the generator 3 or its excitation machine, this pump being connected tofthe tank 10 by the pipe 22 and also to the pipe 7. If desired this additional pump may be mechanically-driven by the internal combus tionengine. I

In principle the cooling or heat exchange devices Clo-not differ from those illustrated in Figure 1, and consequently in the draw- 30 ings similar parts are indicated by the use of the same reference numerals. In Figure 2 howeverbetween the pumps 5 and 20 a cook 21 is provided preferably so arranged that the circulationofthe coolingmedium can be effected either by the pump 5 alone, by means of the pump 20 alone or by both pumps simultaneously.

The installation works as follows The cooling water or other medium in the The heat exchange devices through by the generator 3 or its'excitation machine tank 10 is drawn by the pump 5 through the pipe 9 (assuming the stop-cock 18 is in the position shown in Figure 1) and delivered through the pipe 7 into the cooling jackets of the cylinders 8 whence it flows through the pipes 16 and 15 into the radiators or heat exchange devices 11 and 12. After being cooled in'the heat exchange devices the cooling medium is returned by the tank 10 through the pipes13 or 14. If desired the circulation of the cooling mediuminthe jackets of the cylinders can be prevented by turning the three-way cook 18 a quarter turn to the left." Further, by; adjusting the threeway cock 17 either the heat exchangedevice 11 or its companion 12 can be cutout of the circulating system.

When the internal combustion engine 2 is working the pump 5 canbe operatedtowing. to an automatic movement ofthe charging relay- 24) by means of'thecurrent supplied instead of drawing this current from the'batr, the pipe 7.

tery. Inthef same way the cooling medium can be circulated by means of the pump 20 if desired either independently of the pump 5 or simultaneously therewith. If the pump 20 is used alone the pump 5 is "first'cut out "or the water circuit'lby means of the stopcock 21 so that the pump 20 draws cooling mediumthrough the pipe 22 and delivers it into the pipe 7 whence it circulates through the pipes normally used whenjthepump 5 is in operation, If desired both the pumps 5 and 20 may simultaneously deliver into TA materlal reduction in the'coolingarea of the heat exchange devices is made possible whole or part of the distance, then in the case 1 by driving the pump independently of the main propelling engine, If it is assumed that the vehicle drivenby the internal com- .bustionengine has to cover a distance .from

A to B in a time of, say, ten minutes, and that the normal cooling water] temperature 'atthe' point A is 50 0;, whereas in B the generally admissible maximum temperature "is 70C then if the engine develops 300' enginehorse power and 650heat units per secend are carried away per horse power it will be necessary to discharge 3.00 X650=195000 heat units per hour on the section of the journey between AB, i e about 31000 heat units in ten minutes.

If from A to 'B' there is a down gradient.

enabling-the engine to be cut out' over the of a pump driven by "the engine the area of be so dimensioned that the water can be" the radiator or like cooling device must properly cooled down to the normal temperature'of 50 C. solely by virtue of thecooling area available during the ascentto B. To

discharge the 31000 heat unitsv required in M the above example it will beinecessary to" a 3 'havea .very'large cooling surface which, current ILclaim":

necessarily increases the size of the cooler and the dead weight oflthe vehicle.

If, however, the cooling medium is circulated in accordance with the present invention by means of a pump which can be driven heat to be discharged can be sto'redup during the climb, as in climbing-it is necessary to discharge not 31000 heat units but say only :about a half or 16000 heat units. The rest can then be storedand discharged whentheengine isstationary or -travelling downhill and the cooling devices or radiators can .therefore'be so dimensioned that in a normal case it is advisable to discharge during climbing only one halfthe number of thermal units, that is to say only about 16000 thermal units instead 01531000 heat units, so that the radiators orflike cooling devices can-be of considerably smaller dimensions whilst permitting the temperature of the cooling medium to be adjusted withinwide limits'to suit 0 the requirements and working.

1. In an automotive vehicle, an internal combustion "engine, an electric generator driven th'ereby,'a cooling system for the en-;

gine, arcooling fluid pump in said system, an electrlcmotor for dr ving said pump, connections between the generator terminals'and thevmotor, an independent source of current interposed between the generator and" thelzloo motor, and means in said'circuit for automatically alternately connecting the generator and the said independent source to said motor, whereby the cooling fluid may be circulated when the generator. is-inoperative and vice versa.

2. Inv an automotive vehicle, aninternal combustion engine, can electrlc generator driven thereby, a cooling system for the engine, a cooling fluid pump in said system, ana m electric motor for driving saidpump, connections between the generator terminalsand the. motor, an independent sourceof direct 'currentinterposed between the generator and the motor, and means insaid circuit for auto-x1 5 matically alternately connecting the- 'generator and thesaid independent source to said motor, and another motor energized solely from the generator and dependent for its operation on the operation of said generatorgizo said motor driving a pump connected to the cooling'fluid. Q

I 3. In an automotive yehicle, aninternal combustion engine, an electric generator driven thereby, a cooling system'for the en-' i gine, a cooling fluid pump in said system, an electric "'motonfor' driving' said pump, connections betweenthe generator'terminals and the motor, anindependent sourceof direct interposed between the generator and the motor, and means in said circuit for automatically alternately connecting the generator and the said independent source to said motor, heat exchangers in circuit with said pump and said engine, and means for disconnecting said heat exchangers from said circuit.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature.

OSCAR SIMMEN. 

